JavaScript Bitwise OR Assignment

x |= y

let i = 0;
const arr = [10, 20];

// The expression 'i++' is evaluated only once. 
// The reference to 'arr[0]' is resolved, the bitwise OR is applied with 5, 
// and the result is assigned back to 'arr[0]'. 'i' increments to 1.
arr[i++] |= 5; 

// In contrast, the expanded form evaluates 'i++' twice:
// arr[i++] = arr[i++] | 5;
// Due to left-to-right evaluation:
// 1. LHS resolves to arr[0], and 'i' increments to 1.
// 2. RHS reads arr[1] (since 'i' is now 1), and 'i' increments to 2.
// 3. The result of (arr[1] | 5) is assigned to arr[0].

// Number evaluation (32-bit ToInt32 conversion)
let a = 10; 
let b = 6;  

a |= b;

//   00000000000000000000000000001010  (10)
// | 00000000000000000000000000000110  (6)
// -------------------------------
//   00000000000000000000000000001110  (14)
console.log(a); // 14

// BigInt evaluation (Arbitrary-precision)
let c = 10n;
let d = 6n;

c |= d; 
console.log(c); // 14n

let x = 5.99;
x |= 2; 
// 5.99 is truncated to 5 (0101). 2 is (0010). 
// 0101 | 0010 = 0111 (7).
console.log(x); // 7

let y = "12";
y |= 1;
// "12" is coerced to number 12 (1100). 1 is (0001).
// 1100 | 0001 = 1101 (13).
console.log(y); // 13

let z = NaN;
z |= 4;
// NaN is coerced to 0 (0000). 4 is (0100).
// 0000 | 0100 = 0100 (4).
console.log(z); // 4

let big = 10n;
big |= 5; 
// TypeError: Cannot mix BigInt and other types, use explicit conversions